Not sure if the economics would support a full-scale version of this on Earth any time in the near future, but it’s got a lot of possibilities for lunar and Mars colonization – Farming in the Sky. The PopSci article notes that while a fully-integrated implementation is still being worked, the various technological bits and pieces have been or are being developed right now.
As you might expect, there is an organization promoting the development of this integrated approach – The Vertical Farm Project.